What is the main function of photovoltaic systems?

The main function of photovoltaic systems is to convert sunlight into electricity. This process involves the absorption of sunlight by photovoltaic cells, which generates direct current (DC) electricity through the photovoltaic effect. This electricity can then be used to power electrical devices, be fed into the grid, or stored in batteries for future use. Photovoltaic systems are a crucial component of renewable energy technology, harnessing solar energy to provide a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of power.

While energy storage and distribution are important aspects of an overall energy management system, they are not the primary function of photovoltaic systems. Storing energy is typically managed by battery systems that can work alongside photovoltaic arrays, but it is not what photovoltaic systems do inherently. Similarly, providing insulation or managing electricity distribution involves different technologies and strategies outside the scope of what photovoltaic systems are designed to accomplish. Therefore, option B accurately captures the essential role that photovoltaic systems play in energy production.